Kasumyan, A., 2024.

The taste system in fish.

In: Alderman, S.L., Gillis, T.E. (Eds.),
Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology, vol. 1. Elsevier, Academic Press, pp. 106–123.

https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90801-6.00118-X
ISBN: 9780323908016

Abstract

The taste system mediates feeding, one of the most fundamental processes for the survival of individuals and the success of
species. This article briefly presents basic information about the structure and function of the taste system and is focused on
the taste preferences of fish, about which almost nothing was known until recently. Species specificity of taste preferences,
their stability in a changing environment, and the absence of considerable variability between conspecifics from different
populations, generations, sexes, and in individuals having a different diet are reported. Taste preferences in species within
different trophic categories and phylogenetic proximity and the relationships between physiological and physicochemical
properties of taste substances and their palatability are discussed.

Key points

• Morphology of the taste system
• Taste bud structure, distribution, and appearance in fish ontogeny
• Functional properties of the taste system
• Classification of taste substances
• Taste preferences: species specificity, intraspecies similarity and stability to various factors, individual differences, relations
to phylogenetic proximity and trophic category of fish, development in fish ontogeny
• Relationships between palatability of taste substances and their physiological and physicochemical properties
• Plasticity of the taste system

Вестник Томского государственного университета. Биология. 2024. № 65. С. 92–110

Плотность и биомасса арктических гольцов Salvelinus alpinus (L.) complex (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) из двух олиготрофных озер на участках,
различных по кормности

Ф. С. Лобырев

УДК 597.5.574.34
doi: 10.17223/19988591/65/5

Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова (МГУ), Москва, Россия,

lobyrev@mail.ru,

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4258-8765

Аннотация.

На основе сетных уловов получены оценки плотности и биомассы арктических гольцов Salvelinus alpinus (L.) из различных точек озер Лама и Капчук (Красноярский край); построена динамика отношения «масса-длина» для локальных популяций из каждой точки. Путем попарных сравнений количественных параметров выявлены статистически значимые различия по плотности и биомассе изучаемых группировок в отдельных точках. Уникальная для каждой станции динамика отношения «масса – длина» свидетельствует о стабильности плотностных параметров на период сбора данных. Относительно высокая плотность гольца в предустьевых зонах нерестовых рек указывает на аттрактивное действие аллохтонного органического вещества. Выдвинута гипотеза о формировании градиента плотностных показателей в соответствии с градиентом кормности в отдельных озерах. Голец-«пучеглазка», считающийся глубоководным видом, представлен в уловах, полученных с глубин 12–28 м, где доля самок с икрой на III–IV стадии зрелости достигает 30%.

Ключевые слова: арктический голец, «пучеглазка», плотность, биомасса, масса–длина, Лама, Капчук

Biology Bulletin Reviews, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 213–224. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2024.

On the Issue of Statistically Significant Differences between the Average Values of Plastic Traits in Two Groups of Juvenile Fish and between the Average Values of Their Indices

F. S. Lobyrev*
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

*e-mail: lobyrev@mail.ru

Received August 10, 2023; revised September 7, 2023; accepted September 9, 2023

Abstract

We have studied the regularities that determine the preservation and/or change in statistically significant differences when switching from comparing the average values of plastic traits of juvenile fish to comparing the average values of their indices. An algorithm for evaluating the factors determining the variability of plastic traits and their indices in allometry has been proposed. We identified and parametrized three cases of variability: (a) statistically significant differences are absent between the values of plastic traits and their indices, (b) significant differences disappear when switching from comparing features to comparing their indices, and (c) significant differences in both cases remain. Case (b) is associated with different initial length of juveniles and different hatching time; case (c) is determined by different growth rates in the compared groups. The approach was tested on the selection of fingerlings of the Perca fluviatilus L. perch from two water bodies of the Staritsky district of Tver oblast.

ISSN 2079-0864

DOI: 10.1134/S2079086424020087

Keywords:

biometric analysis, perch, plastic trait, index

J. Ichthyology. V. 64. No. 2. P. 230–245.

 Abnormalities and bilateral asymmetry of otoliths in Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus complex (Salmonidae) from lakes Lama and Kapchuk, Taimyr. 2024. 

Pavlov D.A., Osinov A.G. 

DOI: 10.1134/S0032945224020085

Abstract

Otolith abnormalities and bilateral asymmetry are analyzed in five reproductively isolated forms and natural F1 hybrids between the forms in Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus complex from lakes Lama and Kapchuk (Norilo-Pyasinskaya water system, Taimyr). Otolith abnormalities are associated with the partial replacement of aragonite (the usual otolithic polymorph of CaCO3) by vaterite (another less stable crystalline modification of CaCO3) and their unusual shape. The abnormalities are observed in 11.9% of the specimens and may be induced by technogenic pollution from Nornickel, the world’s largest manufacturer of palladium, nickel, and platinum. The assessment of bilateral asymmetry based on otolith measurements and shape indices does not indicate notable differences in this parameter between the charr forms. However, the shapes of the left and right otoliths described by wavelet analysis are significantly different in two groups: a form of Lake Kapchuk designated as the main form and F1 hybrids. The differentiation of the forms is evaluated using wavelet and linear discriminant analyses of otolith shape. The difference in the topologies of two dendrograms constructed based on the shapes of the left and right otoliths obtained from the same specimens can be explained by the occurrence of bilateral asymmetry.

Вопросы ихтиологии, 2023, T. 63, № 6, стр. 675-703